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vineri, 9 decembrie 2011

One In Three Women With Secondary Breast Cancer Needlessly In Pain, Study

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Academic Journal
Main Category: Breast Cancer
Also Included In: Pain / Anesthetics
Article Date: 09 Dec 2011 - 2:00 PST

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A study, thought to be the first of its kind, examines the quality of life for women with secondary or metastatic breast cancer and finds that more than a third are living needlessly with uncontrolled pain. The researchers point out that as medical advances improve the prognosis for patients with secondary breast cancer, there is a growing number of patients with metastatic breast cancer who are considered survivors rather than at end of life, and health care professionals need to be prepared for that.

The study, by Breast Cancer Care and the University of Southampton in the UK, was funded by Breast Cancer Campaign, and was published online recently in the Journal of Pain and Symptom Management.

The researchers analyzed data from questionnaires filled in by women attending two UK cancer centers and also who were invited to complete them online via the Breast Cancer Care Web site. 235 women with metastatic breast cancer (that is breast cancer that has spread) completed the questionnaires, which assessed quality of life and experience of care.

The results showed that: 27% of women had shortness of breath.
26% experienced nausea.
Women whose cancer had spread to their bones were more likely to be in pain, with 44% reporting significant pain.
There was little evidence of GP (8%) or local palliative care service (7%) involvement among the participants.
Given the choice, most women (62%) opted for their hospital consultant as the professional they would want to see on a regular basis.
More than half the women surveyed had been living with their secondary breast cancer for at least two years.
Half said they were dissatisfied with the care they were receiving.The authors conclude:

"Despite improvements in treatment and survival of women with metastatic breast cancer, this group reports high symptom burden and dissatisfaction with elements of their care, indicating that alternative models of service delivery should be explored."

Principal investigator Elizabeth Reed, Secondary Breast Cancer Research Nurse at Breast Cancer Care, told the press:

"Until now there has been little research into the quality of life of women living with secondary breast cancer outside of clinical trials. This study, which is the first of its kind, shows that women with secondary breast cancer have a range of complex, multidimensional needs that are not being met."

Reed said no woman should have to live with pain that is controllable, or without the information or support they need to help them make decisions about their health.

Advances in medical treatment means those living with metastatic breast cancer are thought of as survivors, and not necessarily at the end of life.

"It is therefore vital that healthcare professionals are equipped with the knowledge and expertise they need to offer women with secondary breast cancer adequate symptom control and the medical and psychological support they need," said Reed.

Written by Catharine Paddock PhD
Copyright: Medical News Today
Not to be reproduced without permission of Medical News Today

Visit our breast cancer section for the latest news on this subject. "Quality of Life and Experience of Care in Women With Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Cross-Sectional Survey"; Elizabeth Reed, Peter Simmonds, Joanne Haviland, Jessica Corner; Journal of Pain and Symptom Management , In Press, Corrected Proof published online 17 November 2011; DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2011.05.005; Link to Abstract.
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9 Dec. 2011. APA

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A Novel Strategy For Fighting Cancer Targets Secondary Tumors

Main Category: Cancer / Oncology
Article Date: 09 Dec 2011 - 0:00 PST

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The proliferation of metastases is often the main cause of complications and death from cancer. For the first time, researchers are looking very closely at the development of these metastases themselves, instead of focusing on the "primary" cancers from which they originated. In doing so, a team from the Swiss Center for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), at EPFL, was able to isolate a protein that plays a major role in metastasis development, and showed that the formation of secondary cancers could be prevented by blocking this protein. Their results were published December 7, 2011, in the advance online edition of the journal Nature and will open the door to new therapeutic options for treating late stage cancers.

A vital protein for metastases

The researchers already knew that cancer cells spread widely throughout the body once a malignant tumor is established. These cells don't always result in a secondary cancer, however. It turns out that all cancer cells aren't created equal: only some of them, known as "cancer stem cells," can initiate metastases. And in order to do this, they must settle into a spot - a niche - that is conducive for their development.

The ISREC team was able to show that several conditions are necessary for cancer to propagate. "In particular, we were able to isolate a protein, periostin, in the niches where metastases develop," explains Joerg Huelsken, holder of the EPFL Debiopharm Chair in Signal Transduction in Oncogenesis. "Without this protein, the cancer stem cell cannot initiate metastasis; instead, it disappears or remains dormant."

Minimal side effects in mice

Periostin exists naturally as part of the extracellular matrix, and has been shown to play a role in fetal development. In adults, it is only active in specific organs - the mammary glands, bones, skin and intestine. This research appears to prove that it plays an essential role in the environment that a cancer stem cell needs in order to develop a metastasis. Mice that were bred to lack this protein are resistant to metastasis formation. "We developed an antibody that adheres to this protein, making it inoperative, and we are hoping in this way to be able to block the process of metastasis formation," says Huelsken.

These experiments that blocked the periostin protein resulted in very few side effects in the mice. "This doesn't necessarily mean the same will hold true in humans," the researcher cautions. "We're not even sure that we'll be able to find an equivalent antibody that will work in humans."

This discovery is nonetheless very encouraging, especially since we now know that malignant tumors tend to spread more quickly than was previously believed. Preventing the development of metastases would thus appear to be an important therapeutic option that could limit the deleterious effects of cancers.

Article adapted by Medical News Today from original press release. Click 'references' tab above for source.
Visit our cancer / oncology section for the latest news on this subject. Please use one of the following formats to cite this article in your essay, paper or report:

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Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne. "A Novel Strategy For Fighting Cancer Targets Secondary Tumors." Medical News Today. MediLexicon, Intl., 9 Dec. 2011. Web.
9 Dec. 2011. APA

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Note: Any medical information published on this website is not intended as a substitute for informed medical advice and you should not take any action before consulting with a health care professional. For more information, please read our terms and conditions.



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